Ursula Keller wins “Swiss Nobel” Marcel Benoist Prize
Farewell: the NCCR MUST ended 
MUST2022 Conference
New scientific highlights
FELs of Europe prize for Jeremy Rouxel
Ruth Signorell wins Doron prize
New FAST-Fellow Uwe Thumm at ETH
International Day of Women and Girls in Science
New scientific highlight
EU XFEL Young Scientist Award for Camila Bacellar,
Prizes for Giulia Mancini and Rebeca Gomez Castillo
Nobel Prize in Chemistry awarded to RESOLV Member Benjamin List
Hans Jakob Wörner invited to give the „New Horizons Solvay Lectures” 
Unusual keynote talk at an international scientific conference
NCCR MUST at Scientifica 2021Bill Pedrini, Rafael Abela, Bruce Patterson and co-workers: new paper in Nature Communications
April 3, 2013Two-dimensional structure from random multiparticle X-ray scattering images using cross-correlations
B. Pedrini, A. Menzel, M. Guizar-Sicairos, V.A. Guzenko, S. Gorelick, C. David, B.D. Patterson & R. Abela (2013) Nature Communications 4, Article number: 1647, doi:10.1038/ncomms2622
Knowledge of the structure of biological macromolecules, especially in their native environment, is crucial because of the close structure–function relationship. X-ray small-angle scattering is used to determine the shape of particles in solution, but the achievable resolution is limited owing to averaging over particle orientations. In 1977, Kam proposed to obtain additional structural information from the cross-correlation of the scattering intensities.
Here we develop the method in two dimensions, and give a procedure by which the single-particle diffraction pattern is extracted in a model-independent way from the correlations. We demonstrate its application to a large set of synchrotron X-ray scattering images on ensembles of identical, randomly oriented particles of 350 or 200nm in size. The obtained 15nm resolution in the reconstructed shape is independent of the number of scatterers. The
results are discussed in view of proposed ‘snapshot’ scattering by molecules in the liquid phase at X-ray free-electron lasers.
Figure 1 | Overview of the cross-correlation based method applied to the 2D structure determination. The flow of the protocol follows the magenta arrows: (a) the membrane carrying the gold nanostructures is scanned by the X-ray beam, and a number of scattering images, with intensities I, is acquired at different positions. The CCs (C(1), C(2) and C(3)) are calculated as averages over all images, and (b) the single-particle diffraction pattern S is computed. The red bar represents a reciprocal space momentum transfer of 0.1nm1. (c) The 2D electron density r is finally reconstructed using a phasing algorithm. The red bar corresponds to 100 nm. (d) SEM image of a small part of the sample membrane, showing the particles in random orientations. The magnification is an oblique view of a single nanostructure. The dashed orange rectangle covers an area of 146 mm2, which corresponds approximately to the X-ray beam illumination area (FWHM limit of the beam intensity in the two directions). (e) Top SEM view of a single particle, on which the dashed orange contour of the reconstructed shape is superimposed. The red bar again corresponds to 100 nm.
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